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extra-bank funds market - translation to russian
![Offices of [[Bursa Malaysia]], Malaysia's national stock exchange (known before demutualization as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bursa Malaysia.JPG?width=200 "Offices of [[Bursa Malaysia]], Malaysia's national stock exchange (known before demutualization as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange)")
![Helsinki, Finland]], 1965](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Helsingin-porssi-1965.jpg?width=200 "Helsinki, Finland]], 1965")
![title-link=Irrational Exuberance (book) }}</ref> In the preface to this edition, Shiller warns, "The stock market has not come down to historical levels: the price-earnings ratio as I define it in this book is still, at this writing [2005], in the mid-20s, far higher than the historical average... People still place too much confidence in the markets and have too strong a belief that paying attention to the gyrations in their investments will someday make them rich, and so they do not make conservative preparations for possible bad outcomes."](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IE Real SandP Prices, Earnings, and Dividends 1871-2006.png?width=200 "title-link=Irrational Exuberance (book) }}</ref> In the preface to this edition, Shiller warns, \"The stock market has not come down to historical levels: the price-earnings ratio as I define it in this book is still, at this writing [2005], in the mid-20s, far higher than the historical average... People still place too much confidence in the markets and have too strong a belief that paying attention to the gyrations in their investments will someday make them rich, and so they do not make conservative preparations for possible bad outcomes.\"")
![[[London Stock Exchange]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paternoster Square.jpg?width=200 "[[London Stock Exchange]]")
![Price-Earnings ratios as a predictor of twenty-year returns based upon the plot by [[Robert Shiller]] (Figure 10.1).<ref name="IE2"/> The horizontal axis shows the real price-earnings ratio of the S&P Composite Stock Price Index as computed in ''Irrational Exuberance'' (inflation adjusted price divided by the prior ten-year mean of inflation-adjusted earnings). The vertical axis shows the geometric average real annual return on investing in the S&P Composite Stock Price Index, reinvesting dividends, and selling twenty years later. Data from different twenty-year periods is color-coded as shown in the key. Shiller states that this plot "confirms that long-term investors—investors who commit their money to an investment for ten full years—did do well when prices were low relative to earnings at the beginning of the ten years. Long-term investors would be well advised, individually, to lower their exposure to the stock market when it is high, as it has been recently, and get into the market when it is low."<ref name="IE2"/>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Price-Earnings Ratios as a Predictor of Twenty-Year Returns (Shiller Data).png?width=200 "Price-Earnings ratios as a predictor of twenty-year returns based upon the plot by [[Robert Shiller]] (Figure 10.1).<ref name=\"IE2\"/> The horizontal axis shows the real price-earnings ratio of the S&P Composite Stock Price Index as computed in ''Irrational Exuberance'' (inflation adjusted price divided by the prior ten-year mean of inflation-adjusted earnings). The vertical axis shows the geometric average real annual return on investing in the S&P Composite Stock Price Index, reinvesting dividends, and selling twenty years later. Data from different twenty-year periods is color-coded as shown in the key. Shiller states that this plot \"confirms that long-term investors—investors who commit their money to an investment for ten full years—did do well when prices were low relative to earnings at the beginning of the ten years. Long-term investors would be well advised, individually, to lower their exposure to the stock market when it is high, as it has been recently, and get into the market when it is low.\"<ref name=\"IE2\"/>")
![VOC]] chamber of [[Enkhuizen]], dated 9 Sep 1606.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VOC aandeel 9 september 1606.jpg?width=200 "VOC]] chamber of [[Enkhuizen]], dated 9 Sep 1606.")
Definition
Wikipedia
A money market fund (also called a money market mutual fund) is an open-ended mutual fund that invests in short-term debt securities such as US Treasury bills and commercial paper. Money market funds are managed with the goal of maintaining a highly stable asset value through liquid investments, while paying income to investors in the form of dividends. Although they are not insured against loss, actual losses have been quite rare in practice.
Regulated in the United States under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and in Europe under Regulation 2017/1131, money market funds are important providers of liquidity to financial intermediaries.
